Marcie K. Cowley holds a Ph.D. in history and is an assistant professor in integrative studies in social sciences at Michigan State University. She has been a faculty leader and instructor on education abroad programs to many different countries, including France, Belgium, China and Belize.

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Communist Party of the United States

The development of First Amendment free speech and association rights in the United States owes much to the battle against the Communism Party of America.

Red Scare

In two anti-Communist periods in the United States, known as Red Scares, First Amendment rights providing for free expression and free association were endangered.