American Freedom Defense Initiative v. King County (2016), which involved
First Amendment implications of advertising on public transit systems, was
denied certiorari.
Public Forum Cases
In Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes (1998), the Supreme
Court upheld a decision to exclude Ralph P. Forbes, an independent
candidate for Congress, from a televised debate. The ruling overturned a
ruling that AETC had created a public forum to which all candidates should
have access.
In Manhattan Community Access Corporation v. Halleck (2019), a sharply
divided U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a private corporation that oversees
public access channels in Manhattan is not a state, or governmental actor,
subject to First Amendment constraints. The Court determined that
“operation of public access channels on a cable system is not a traditional
exclusive public forum.”
In 1983, the Supreme Court ruled that a federal law that prohibited
picketing outside the U.S. Supreme Court building was improperly applied to
the sidewalks in violation of the First Amendment’s protection of free
speech. In United States v. Grace, the Court said sidewalks are traditional
public forums.